Carbon emissions associated with end-of-life care in the hospital setting

Healthcare contributes significantly to global warming and accounts for 4.4% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Additionally, the end-of-life (EOL) period is characterized by disproportionately high hospital use, which is both emissions-intensive and often contrary to patients’ wishes to receive EOL care at home. In Canada, end-of-life hospitalization accounts for almost 6 million hospital days and about 263,500 tCO2-e annually. By engaging in advance care planning, improving access to community palliation, and supporting care in alternative settings, we estimate that 25% of EOL hospitalization emissions can be avoided.